Particle size distribution and material composition was measured of sediments of erosion from slopes of red soils (five different types of red soils derived from three different kinds of parent materials, i.e, Shale, Quaternary red clay and Granite) as affected by rainfall kinetic energy of artificial rainfall. Rainfall kinetic energy was controlled by either leaving the slopes bare or covering them with mesh. Results show that particle size distribution of the sediments of erosion was influenced significantly by parent material and rainfall erosive force. That is to say, soils derived from the same parent material would generate erosion sediments similar in particle composition and mesh coverage increased the content of fine fractions (non-dispersed) in sediments which was due mainly to the interaction between stability of aggregates and erosive force of rainfall on the slope. The sediments from red soils derived from Shale (HS) and Granite (soil TG1 and TG2) were enriched with silt and clay (dispersed) (1.15 to 3.14 in enrichment rate) while those from soil HQ1 and HQ2 derived from Quaternary red clay enriched with sands with the highest enrichment rate reaching 3.84. In sediments from soil HS, TG1 and TG2, organic matter (OM), free iron oxide (Fed) and aluminum oxide (Ald) were mostly distributed in fine particles smaller than 0.05 mm (non-dispersed) in size; however, in sediments from HQ1 and HQ2, they were concentrated in two particle size fractions, i.e. >0.25 mm and <0.05 mm. Among them, OM was the most obvious with enrichment rate varying from 1.05 to 9.88. In the sediments OM, Fed and Ald were extremely significantly related to each other (r≥0.82). So were they with cation exchange capacity, Fed, Ald, amorphous silica and clay in the original soils, indicating that these substances in the sediments influence each other and depend largely on their content in the original soils.