2015年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖的启示——土壤微生物分离培养推动了寄生虫病防治
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中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(B 类)“土壤-微生物系统功能及其调控”(XDB15040000)资助


2015 Nobel Prize and Soil Microbiology—Culture-dependent Study Warrants More Attention
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Supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program (B) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, China Soil Microbiome Initiative (No. XDB15040000)

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    摘要:

    1974年日本科学家大村智从土壤中分离到一株链霉菌,并与美国默克(Merck)公司合作,发现了阿维菌素,在治疗盘尾丝虫症(河盲症)和淋巴丝虫病(象皮病)方面取得了重大突破,成为2015年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖获得者之一,表明纯菌株的分离和培养具有极为重要的意义,应在未来土壤微生物研究中得到更多的重视。

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    In 1974, Satoshi Ōmura, a Japanese microbiologist and expert in isolating natural products, isolated new strains of Streptomyces from soil samples. He found that this strain can produce a bioactive compound named Avermectin, which was subsequently chemically modified to a more effective compound called Ivermectin by Williman Campbell from Merck Company. Ivermectine was later tested in humans with parasitic infections and effectively killed parasite larvae, leading to a Nobel Prize in 2015. The rapid advance of new techniques such as single-cell isolation and high-throughput screening may revolutionize culture-dependent study and downstream applications. This will dramatically change the landscape of DNA/RNA-based research of microbial resource on Earth, and soil microbiology represents one of the most important research fields in future.

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贾仲君.2015年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖的启示——土壤微生物分离培养推动了寄生虫病防治[J].土壤学报,2016,53(1):12-15. DOI:10.11766/trxb201511240538 JIA Zhongjun.2015 Nobel Prize and Soil Microbiology—Culture-dependent Study Warrants More Attention[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica,2016,53(1):12-15.

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  • 收稿日期:2015-11-09
  • 最后修改日期:2015-11-30
  • 录用日期:2015-12-02
  • 在线发布日期: 2015-12-02
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