茅苍术间作对连作花生土壤线虫群落的影响
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国家自然科学基金(41371290);江西省赣鄱英才555工程专项


Effects of Interplanting of Atractylodes lancea in Monocultured Peanut Fields on Soil Nematode Community
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The National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.41371290) ,The GanPo 555 Talents Program of Jiangxi Province, China

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    摘要:

    以连作10年花生的红壤为基质,分别设置花生单作和花生/茅苍术间作处理,于花生成熟期采集单作花生根际土壤、间作处理花生和茅苍术根际土壤,分析土壤线虫的数量、多样性和群落结构,以揭示间作茅苍术对土壤线虫群落的影响及对花生连作障碍的缓解机制。研究结果表明,与花生单作相比,间作处理花生的株高、主根长、秸秆干重和荚果干重显著增加(p<0.05)。茅苍术间作减少了连作花生土壤线虫的总数,显著提高了花生根际土壤食细菌线虫、食真菌线虫和捕食/杂食线虫的相对丰度,降低了植物寄生线虫的相对丰度(p<0.05)。与花生单作相比,间作提高了花生根际土壤线虫的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H')和均匀度指数(J),而土壤线虫群落的优势度指数(λ)显著降低。间作处理花生根际土壤线虫的瓦斯乐斯卡指数(WI)和自由生活线虫成熟度指数(MI)显著升高,植物寄生线虫成熟度指数(PPI)显著降低,而线虫通道比(NCR)无显著变化。综合分析得出,茅苍术间作可以提高花生连作土壤线虫多样性、优化土壤线虫群落结构,进而增强有益线虫的生态功能、改善花生连作障碍。

    Abstract:

    【Objective】In this study, responses of soil nematodes community in composition and diversity to interplanting of A. lancea in monocultured peanut soil were explored and mechanisms of the effects analyzed.【Method】Soil samples were collected from a 10-year monocultured peanut field for a pot experiment, which was designed to have two treatments, i.e. monocropping of peanut and interplnating of A. lancea with peanut. At the maturing stage of peanut, population of nematodes in rhizosphere soils of the peanut and A. lancea was measured, separately, and composition and diversity of the nematode communities were analyzed.【Result】Results show that in the treatment of interplanting, the peanut significantly increased in plant height, main root length, straw yield and pod yield and the nematodes changed in density, diversity and community structure. Interplanting significantly decreased the population of nematodes in the rhizosphere soils of both peanut and A. lancea, especially the number of plant-parasitic nematodes, which used to be the dominant group. Interplanting significantly enhanced the relative abundance of bacterivores, fungivores, and predators/omnivores, but significantly inhibited plant-parasites in the rhizosphere soils of peanut. Analysis of nematode ecological indices shows that the interplanting treatment was more stable in soil ecosystem, and it raised Shannon-Wiener index (H') and evenness index (J), and lowered dominance index (λ) of the nematodes in the rhizosphere soil of peanut, while, increasing evenness index (J) and altering little diversity index of the nematodes in rhizosphere soil of A. lancea. Interplanting also significantly increased Wasilewska index (WI) and maturity index (MI) of the nematodes in the rhizosphere soil of peanut, while reducing plant parasite index (PPI) of the nematodes in the rhizosphere soil of peanut and affecting little Nematode channel ratio (NCR) of the rhizosphere soil. 【Conclusion】In conclusion, the study has found that interplanting of A. lancea with peanut can increase diversity of the nematodes community, and improve its structure of the nematodes in peanut fields under monoculture, and further on, strengthen ecological function of beneficial nematode and mitigate the obstacle for monocropping of peanut.

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张亚楠,李孝刚,王兴祥.茅苍术间作对连作花生土壤线虫群落的影响[J].土壤学报,2016,53(6):1497-1505. DOI:10.11766/trxb201603020025 ZHANG Yanan, LI Xiaogang, WANG Xingxiang. Effects of Interplanting of Atractylodes lancea in Monocultured Peanut Fields on Soil Nematode Community[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica,2016,53(6):1497-1505.

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  • 收稿日期:2016-01-15
  • 最后修改日期:2016-08-16
  • 录用日期:2016-09-02
  • 在线发布日期: 2016-09-05
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