新疆策勒绿洲—沙漠过渡带风沙运动沙尘物质粒径分形特征
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新疆维吾尔自治区高校科研计划项目(XJEDU2016I035)、新疆师范大学博士科研启动基金项目(XJNUBS1527)和国家自然科学基金项目(41601595, 41661002, 41561051)资助


Fractal Characteristics of Grain Size of Sand and Dust in Aeolian Sand Movement in Cele Oasis-Desert Ecotone in Xinjiang, China
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Supported by the Scientific Research Projects for Higher Educational Universities in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (No. XJEDU2016I035) and Start-up Fund of Doctoral Research of Xinjiang Normal University (No. XJNUBS1527) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 41601595, 41661002 and 41561051)

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    摘要:

    新疆策勒绿洲—沙漠过渡带风沙活动频繁,对其近地表风沙运动规律的研究具有重要意义。采用实验测定分析、线性回归分析、相关统计分析等研究方法,对策勒绿洲—沙漠过渡带不同地貌部位表面及近地表输沙和降尘物质粒度及粒径分形特征进行了研究。结果表明:策勒不同风沙运动形式沙尘物质组成主要为极粗粉砂和极细砂,大气降尘物的粗粉砂含量偏高,分形维数介于0.25~2.25;五种沙尘物质平均分维值介于1.03~1.67,灌丛沙堆表面沙物质粒径分形维数平均值最大,其次依次为大气降尘、裸平沙地、地表输沙物质和流动沙丘的沙尘物质,标准偏差值大小变化趋势与之相反。灌丛沙堆表面沙物质的粒径分形维数与沙物质平均粒径、分选系数等指标呈显著线性相关性,流动沙丘表面沙物质平均粒径的分形维数与粒度参数之间线性相关性不显著。灌丛沙堆、流动沙丘、地表输沙物质的黏粒含量与分形维数均呈极显著正相关性(p<0.01),灌丛沙堆与地表输沙物质的砂粒级含量与分形维数呈显著负相关,大气降尘物的粉砂含量与分形维数呈显著负相关(p<0.05)。流动沙丘表面沙物质的粉砂和砂百分含量与分维值无显著相关性。沙物质的粒级组成、运动形式、植被覆盖度、风力及地形等均是导致绿洲—沙漠过渡带沙尘粒度及分形特征差异的主要原因。

    Abstract:

    【Objective】 Aeolian sand movement is very frequent in the Cele oasis-desert ecotone in Xinjiang of China. So it is of great importance to explore rules of the near-surface aeolian sand movements, in expectation of providing certain theoretical basis for prevention and control of sandstorms in the southern fringe of the Taklimakan Desert. 【Method】 In-lab measurements and assays, linear regression analysis and correlational statistical analysis were adopted to explore particle size and fractal characteristics of grain size of the sand and dust materials in sand movements on land surface and near surface over different terrains of the Cele oasis-desert ecotone. 【Result】 Results show that the sand and dust materials in various sand movements consist of five kinds of sand and dust materials, from very coarse silts to very fine sands, and coarse silts are the major component of the atmospheric dustfall, with fractal dimension varying in the range of 0.25 ~ 2.25 and the five kinds of aeolian sand and dust vary in mean fractal dimension of particle size, exhibiting an decreasing order of sand materials on the surfaces of nebkhas > those in dustfall > those on bare flat sandy land > those transported near ground surface > those shifting with sandy, averaging 1.03 ~ 1.67 in fractal dimension of particle size, while standard deviations of their fractal dimension values are in an opposite trend. Along the prevailing wind direction from shifting sandy land to oasis, with growing vegetation coverage, fractal dimension of aeolian sand and dust materials increases, while wind speed declines. The very coarse silt and very fine sand particles in the air higher above the ground surface tend to get deposited around shrubs in the oasis-desert ecotone, so the fractal dimension of the sand and dust materials in nebkhas are the highest in value, while the surface wind speed on shifting sand dunes sparse in vegetation is high, more coarser sand particles get deposited on the surfaces of the shifting sand dunes, being the lowest in fractal dimension. Fractal dimension of the sand materials on the surfaces of nebkhas is linearly related to mean particle size, sorting coefficient and some others. But no such correlation is found with the sand materials on the surfaces of shifting sand dunes. Fractal dimension of the sand materials in nebkhas, shifting sand dunes and sand transported near ground surface is positively related to their clay content at the 0.01 significance level, but negatively related to their content of sand grade of material in nebkhas and sand transported near ground surface; positively related to content of silt grade materials in sand dunes on bare flat land and sand transported near ground surface; negatively related to silt content at the 0.05 significance level in dustfall; but it has nothing to do with silt and sand contents on the surfaces of shifting sand dunes. 【Conclusion】 Particle size fractionation, movement mode, vegetation coverage, wind forces and terrain are the main causes responsible for the differentiation of characteristics of particle size and fractal dimension of the aeolian sand and dust materials in the oasis-desert ecotone.

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毛东雷,蔡富艳,方登先,雷加强,来风兵,薛 杰,王雪梅.新疆策勒绿洲—沙漠过渡带风沙运动沙尘物质粒径分形特征[J].土壤学报,2018,55(1):88-99. DOI:10.11766/trxb201706060235 MAO Donglei, CAI Fuyan, FANG Dengxian, LEI Jiaqiang, LAI Fengbing, XUE Jie, WANG Xuemei. Fractal Characteristics of Grain Size of Sand and Dust in Aeolian Sand Movement in Cele Oasis-Desert Ecotone in Xinjiang, China[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica,2018,55(1):88-99.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-05-27
  • 最后修改日期:2017-08-31
  • 录用日期:2017-09-19
  • 在线发布日期: 2017-10-30
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