亚热带森林转换对不同粒径土壤有机碳的影响
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国家自然科学基金项目(31700540)和浙江省自然科学基金项目(LY15C160004)


Effects of Change in Forest Type on Soil Organic Carbon in Soil Particles Relative to Size in Subtropical China
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National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31700540) and the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province (No. LY15C160004)

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    摘要:

    以亚热带天然阔叶林和由其转换而来的针阔混交人工林和杉木人工林为研究对象,探讨森林转换对土壤有机碳(Soil organic carbon,SOC)含量和分布格局的影响。选取不同土层(0~20 cm、20~40 cm、40~60 cm)土壤作为样本,运用物理分组方法研究森林转换对土壤粗颗粒有机碳(Coarse particulate organic carbon,CPOC)、细颗粒有机碳(Fine particulate organic carbon,FPOC)、矿物结合态有机碳(Mineral-associated organic carbon,MOC)含量及其分配比例的影响。结果表明:天然林转换为人工林后(1)各土层土壤有机碳含量均呈下降趋势;(2)0~20 cm土层土壤粗颗粒有机碳含量和分配比例均显著降低,土壤细颗粒有机碳含量和比例呈增加趋势;矿物结合态有机碳含量呈减少趋势,比例呈增加趋势;(3)各土层土壤颗粒有机碳/矿物结合态有机碳(POC/MOC)和矿物结合态有机碳/土壤有机碳(MOC/SOC)比值均呈下降趋势,0~20 cm土层土壤CPOC与SOC相关性最好,40~60 cm土层MOC与SOC相关性最好。因此,亚热带天然阔叶林转换为针阔混交人工林和杉木人工林,土壤总有机碳含量降低,土壤有机碳的稳定性增强;土壤CPOC更能反映森林转换对表层土壤有机碳的影响;而MOC更能反映森林转换对深层土壤有机碳的影响。

    Abstract:

    【Objective】Any changes, even minor ones, in forest soil carbon pool would have profound effects on atmospheric CO2 concentration and global climate change. Particulate organic carbon is mainly of semi-decomposed plant residues and very high in biological activity and short in turnover cycle, so it can be used as an indicator of changes in soil organic carbon. Change in forest type or forest conversion is an important pattern of changes in land use, and affects storage and transformation of soil organic carbon through increasing or reducing biomass of the plants and litter on the ground. So, it is an important driving force of soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics. This paper focused on conversion of natural broad-leaved forest to mixed coniferous-broad-leaved forest or Chinese fir plantations (Cunninghamia lanceolata [Lamb.] Hook) in subtropical China to explore effects of the conversion on content of SOC and its distribution in the forestland. Therefore, three tracts of forests were selected as subjects of the study, i.e. a 28-year-old natural broad-leaved forest, a Chinese fir plantation and an artificial mixed coniferous broad-leaved forest converted from natural broad-leaved forest in November 2016. 【Method】Soil samples were collected from different soil layers (0~20 cm, 20~40 cm, and 40~60 cm) in the forestlands for analysis of effects of the conversion on contents of soil coarse particulate organic carbon (CPOC), soil fine particulate organic carbon (FPOC), and mineral-associated organic carbon (MOC) and their ratio.【Result】Results show that once natural forest was converted into artificial ones, (1) content of soil organic carbon in various soil layers and stock of litter on the surface decreased significantly; (2) CPOC decreased in content by 60.0% and 54.6% in the mixed coniferous broad-leaved forest and Chinese fir plantation, respectively and in proportion, too in the 0~20 cm soil layer, while FPOC did reversely in both content and proportion; however, MOC declined in content, but rose in proportion, by 8.6% and 20.1%, respectively; and (3) The soil POC/MOC and MOC/SOC ratios in all the soil layers exhibited decreasing trends. In the 0~20 cm soil layer, soil CPOC was the most closely related to SOC, whereas in the 40~60 cm soil layer, MOC was.【Conclusion】Therefore, the conversion of subtropical natural broad-leaved forests into coniferous-broad-leaved mixed forests and Chinese fir plantations reduces soil total organic carbon (SOC) as the latters produce less litter and fine root biomass, thus leaving the soils more susceptible to soil erosion caused by rainfall, which in turn enhances reduction of total SOC, and POC/SOC and POC/MOC in all soil layers to a varying extent, However, it improves stability of SOC. Soil CPOC is a better indicator reflecting the effect of forest conversion on topsoil organic carbon, while MOC is, reflecting the impact of forest conversion on deep soil organic carbon.

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胡雪寒,刘 娟,姜培坤,周国模,李永夫,吴家森.亚热带森林转换对不同粒径土壤有机碳的影响[J].土壤学报,2018,55(6):1485-1493. DOI:10.11766/trxb201803140028 HU Xuehan, LIU Juan, JIANG Peikun, ZHOU Guomo, LI Yongfu, WU Jiasen. Effects of Change in Forest Type on Soil Organic Carbon in Soil Particles Relative to Size in Subtropical China[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica,2018,55(6):1485-1493.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-01-10
  • 最后修改日期:2018-05-24
  • 录用日期:2018-07-09
  • 在线发布日期: 2018-09-05
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