基于1:5万土壤数据库的太湖地区水稻土全氮含量动态变化研究
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中国博士后科学基金项目(2017M612109)、建省自然科学基金项目(2015J01154)和安徽高校自然科学研究项目(KJ2017A521)


Research on Dynamics of Total Nitrogen in Tai-Lake Paddy Soils of China Based on 1:50 000 Soil Database
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China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(NO. 2017M612109),the National Science Foundation of Fujian Province, China(No.2015J01154) and the Natural Science Research Project of Anhui Universities (No.KJ2017A521)

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    摘要:

    准确评估农田土壤全氮含量变化是有效制定农业管理措施的基础。选择太湖地区37个县(市、区)2.32 M hm2水稻土为研究对象,以1982年第二次土壤普查的1 096个和2000年“973”项目的1 393个表层样点建立1:5万高精度土壤数据库为基础,定量化该地区近20年来水稻土全氮含量的动态变化。结果表明:1982—2000年太湖地区水稻土全氮含量上升了0.21 g•kg-1,氮素富集效应明显。其中,脱潜型水稻土全氮含量上升最多,增幅达17.0%,而潜育型水稻土有所下降,降幅为26.2%。从不同土区来看,低山丘陵土区全氮含量上升最多,增幅达31.8%,而太湖平原土区变化幅度最小,增幅仅为9.8%。从不同行政区来看,安吉县、长兴县、川沙县、闵行区、余杭县和崇明县全氮含量增长幅度均超过40%,而吴县、青浦县、嘉善县和丹阳县均有所下降。总体来看,太湖地区水稻土全氮含量空间动态变化差异很大,今后根据不同土壤类型、土区和行政区氮素富集程度适当减少氮肥施用量,以防止氮素流失造成的水体富营养化风险是十分必要的。

    Abstract:

    Accurately assessing changes in soil total nitrogen content (STN) in farmland soil is the basis for effective field management. In this study, an area of 2.32 M hm2 of paddy soils, or 37 counties (or cities) of in the Tai-Lake Region, was delineated as study zone. The 1:50 000 high accuracy paddy soil database developed and based on the analysis of the 1 096 samples of topsoil collected during the Second National Soil Survey in 1982 and the 1 393 samples of topsoil collected during the “973” Project in 2000 in this region was used as the basis for quantifying dynamic changes in STN in the paddy soils of the region over the past 20 years. Results show that STN in the paddy soils increased by 0.21 g•kg-1 in the period from 1982 to 2000, displaying a significant accumulating trend, especially in degleyfied paddy soil, in which STN increased the most significantly or by as high as 17.0%. But in gleyfied paddy soils, it decreased by 26.2%. The dynamics of STN also varied with landform. In the low mound and hill areas it increased significantly or by 31.8%, while in the Tai-Lake plain region and polders it increased slowly up or by only 9.8%. Moreover, the dynamics of STN varied, too, with administrative zone, the mean STN of Anji, Changxing, Chuansha, Minhang, Yuhang and Chongming increased by more than 40%; while that of Wu, Qingpu, Jiashan and Danyang decreased somewhat. It is quite clear that as a whole, the soil total nitrogen in paddy soil of the Tai-Lake Region varied sharply with area, so it is imperative to reduce field fertilization, case-specifically in the light of soil subgroups, sub-regions and regional nitrogen enrichment degree so as to prevent soil nitrogen loss and water eutrophication.

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袁 平,张黎明,乔 婷,谢安乾,于东升,史学正,邢世和,陈翰阅.基于1:5万土壤数据库的太湖地区水稻土全氮含量动态变化研究[J].土壤学报,2019,56(6):1514-1525. DOI:10.11766/trxb201809180422 YUAN Ping, ZHANG Li-Ming, QIAO Ting, XIE Anqian, YU Dongsheng, SHI Xuezheng, XING Shihe, CHEN Hanyue. Research on Dynamics of Total Nitrogen in Tai-Lake Paddy Soils of China Based on 1:50 000 Soil Database[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica,2019,56(6):1514-1525.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-08-20
  • 最后修改日期:2018-11-25
  • 录用日期:2018-12-11
  • 在线发布日期: 2019-08-27
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