不同发育阶段日本落叶松人工林枯落物层微生物群落特征
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国家自然科学基金重点项目( 31430017)


Structure and Diversity of Soil Nematode Community in Soil under Tsuga dumosa Forest in Galongla Mountain
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National fund key projects(No.31430017)

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    摘要:

    为了解西藏墨脱嘎隆拉山铁杉林土壤生态系统线虫群落的结构及多样性特征,采用种类组成、个体密度、多样性指数、功能性指数等特征值分析土壤线虫群落结构及多样性特点,并通过冗余分析及线性相关性分析探讨线虫群落与土壤理化性质间的关系。结果显示,嘎隆拉山铁杉林土壤线虫隶属于5目29科34属,个体密度介于0~1 231条·100 g-1 干土之间,平均278条·100 g-1 干土,土层间无明显差异;群落优势属为垫咽属Tylencholaimus和细齿属Leptonchus;食真菌性线虫是最主要的营养类群;土壤有机质以真菌降解途径为主;嘎隆拉山铁杉林生态系统成熟度高,目前处于相对稳定状态;土壤速效钾含量显著影响线虫群落的数量和多样性;有机质、全氮、碱解氮、有效磷会对线虫数量造成影响;土壤含水量是嘎隆拉铁杉林土壤线虫群落的重要环境影响因子之一。

    Abstract:

    【Objective】In this study, a tract of Tsuga forest typical of the Garongla Mountain, Motuo County, Southeast Tibet was taken as research object. The purpose of this study was to investigate structure and diversity of the soil nematode community in the Tsuga forest ecosystem in this region and their relationships with soil properties, and stability and succession of the ecosystem by analyzing environmental indicators and functions of the soil nematode community. This study is expected to be of important scientific significance in unveiling diversity laws of the soil nematodes in the Tsuga forest ecosystem in Southeast Tibet, discussing interactions and correlations between the evolution processes underground and aboveground, and learning roles of the soil nematode community in subalpine/alpine forest soil ecological processes.【Method】In September 2017, four sample plots were set up different in plant community and topography. Soil sampling points (at least 5 points) were specified in each sample plot randomly in distribution and soil samples were collected from 5 soil layers, 0-5 cm, 5-10 cm, 10-15 cm, 15-20 cm and 20-25 cm, at each sampling point with a soil drill 7 cm in inner diameter, and then blended together into one, separately. Nematodes in the soil samples were separated with the shallow basin method, observed under stereomicroscope for identification till the genus level and characterized by species composition, individual density, diversity index and functional index for analysis of structure and diversity of the soil nematode community. The soil samples were also analyzed for physical and chemical properties with the conventional methods, and redundancy analysis and linear correlation analysis was performed of the data for relationships with the nematode community.【Result】Results show that soil nematodes in the soil under Tsuga dumosa forest in Mt. Galongla could be sorted into 5 orders, 29 families and 34 genera, averaged to be 278 individuals∙100 g-1 dry soil in density and did not vary much between soil layers. In the community Tylencholaimus and Leptonchus were the dominant genera and fungivorous nematodes were the most important nutritional group. Soil organic matter was decomposed mainly by fungi. Redundancy analysis (RDA) and linear correlation analysis shows that readily available potassium, organic matter, total nitrogen and total potassium are the major factors affecting the soil nematode community and its relationship with soil physical and chemical properties, and readily available potassium is the most important one. A significant and positive relationship was found between nematode density and soil water content. Uneven distribution of soil water may be one of the important causes for the variation of soil nematodes community in density with the habitat in the hemlock forest in Mt. Garongla.【Conclusion】Soil organic matter is decomposed mainly by fungi. The Tsuga forest ecosystem in Mt. Garongla is high in maturity and in a relatively stable state. The content of readily available potassium in the soil significantly affects number and diversity of the nematodes in the community. Organic matter, total nitrogen, hydrolyzed nitrogen and available phosphorus are also factors affecting number of the nematodes. Soil water content is one of the important environmental factors that affect species composition of the soil nematode community and number of the nematodes in the soil under Tsuga dumosa Galongla forests.

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牛小云,孙晓梅,陈东升,张守攻.不同发育阶段日本落叶松人工林枯落物层微生物群落特征[J].土壤学报,2020,57(6):1471-1482. DOI:10.11766/trxb201909270130 NIU Xiaoyun, SUN Xiaomei, CHEN Dongsheng, ZHANG Shougong. Structure and Diversity of Soil Nematode Community in Soil under Tsuga dumosa Forest in Galongla Mountain[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica,2020,57(6):1471-1482.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-03-17
  • 最后修改日期:2019-10-10
  • 录用日期:2019-12-09
  • 在线发布日期: 2020-08-25
  • 出版日期: 2020-11-11