土壤原始颗粒对不同破碎机制下团聚体稳定性的影响
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国家自然科学基金项目(41807068);国家重点研发计划项目课题(2017YFC0504902);三峡库区地质灾害教育部重点实验室开放基金(2018KDZ06)资助


Influence of Native Soil Particles on Soil Aggregate Stability Relative to Breaking-down Mechanism
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National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41807068), the National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2017YFC0504902) and the Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Geological Hazards on Three Gorges Reservoir Area, Ministry of Education (China Three Gorges University) (No. 2018KDZ06)

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    摘要:

    土壤团聚体是土壤结构的基本单元,其稳定性是描述土壤抵抗外力破坏作用的重要指标。目前常用的团聚体测定方法很少考虑到土壤原始颗粒对其不同破碎机制下稳定性的影响。以两种不同质地团聚体特征差异明显的壤质砂土和砂质黏壤土为研究对象,对土壤全样进行快速湿润(FW)、预湿润后震荡(WS)以及慢速湿润(SW)三种处理方式预处理以研究团聚体不同破碎机制,同时考虑将各粒级团聚体中的土壤原始颗粒剥离出来,消除土壤原始颗粒对各粒级团聚体含量结果的影响,研究土壤原始颗粒对不同破碎机制下团聚体稳定性的影响。结果表明:两种土壤在不同处理方式下,各粒级土壤含量存在较大差异,砂质黏壤土在三种处理模式下平均质量直径(MWD)均显著大于壤质砂土,两种土壤MWD均呈现MWDfw < MWDws < MWDsw的大小顺序,两种土壤团聚体破坏均是团聚体快速湿润时孔隙内部封闭的空气压力作用为主,其次是机械扰动作用,黏粒膨胀作用影响最小。土壤原始颗粒对各粒级团聚体的影响程度受到土壤类型和破碎机制影响,土壤原始颗粒对壤质砂土影响较大,对砂质黏壤土的影响相对较小。分散前的团聚体(>0.05 mm)占总土壤的百分比(AR)值难以正确反映土壤团聚体稳定性,消除土壤原始颗粒影响后,AR能够较好体现土壤团聚体稳定性。消除土壤原始颗粒影响前后的AR比值表明土壤原始颗粒对壤质砂土的影响远远大于对砂质黏壤土的影响。

    Abstract:

    [Objective] Soil aggregates are the basic units structing soils, and their stability is an important index for evaluating soil breaking-down resistance under external forces. However, the current methodologies commonly used to analyze stability of soil aggregates rarely take into account influences of native soil particles on stability of soil aggregates relative to breaking-down mechanism. The purpose of this study was to fill up the gap by conducting an in-lab experiment.[Method] For the experiment, five undisturbed soil samples, 0-20cm in depth, were collected randomly using the S-shaped sampling method from each of the two tracts of land different in soil texture, one slope farmland of loamy sand soil in Shenmu County of Shaanxi Province, China and one newly established citrus orchard of sandy clay loam in Zigui County of Hubei Province, China. Following the LB (LeBissonnais) method listed in the international standard, the whole soil samples were pretreated separately with fast wetting (FW), slow wetting (SW), and mechanical breakdown by shaking after pre-wetting (WS) for analysis of breaking-down mechanisms of soil aggregates. At the same time, attempts were made to separate native soil particles from soil aggregates of various particle size fractions, so as to eliminate the influence of the former on fractionation of soil aggregates. Then soil aggregates in each fraction were treated with hydrogen peroxide to remove organic matter, and with sodium hexametaphosphate to separate native soil particles from skeletal materials of each fraction. The net mass of soil aggregates was obtained by substracting the mass of the soil aggregates of each particle size fraction in the soil samples treated with hydrogen peroxide and sodium hexametaphosphate from the mass of the soil aggregates in the soil samples before dispersion.[Result] Results show that two soils differ quite sharply in particle size distribution with the treatment. Mean weight diameter (MWD) was higher for the sandy clay loam soil than for the loamy sand soil regardless of breaking-down mechanisms. The two soils both followed an order of MWDfw < MWDws < MWDsw. Treatment FW is the most significant in affecting breakdown of soil aggregates, which is mainly attributed to pressure of the air enclosed in soil pores, and Treatment WS and Treatment SW follows. Based on the findings in this study, a new aggregates determination method is developed to verify the calculation results of the two selected regions. The influence of native soil particles on soil aggregate stability depends on soil texture and aggregates breaking-down mechanism and is much greater in the loamy sand soil than in the sandy clay loam, and exhibits an order of FW > WS > SW, in terms of breaking-down mechanism. The proportion of aggregate (>0.05 mm) to the total soil mass content (AR) before dispersion of the soil could hardly reflect stability of the soil aggregates. Variation of the AR before and after the influence of native soil particles is removed indicate that the influence of native soil particles is far more greater in the loamy sand soil than in the sandy clay loam.[Conclusion] The influence of native soil particles on aggregates varies sharply with soils type and treatment method. After eliminating the influence of native soil particles, AR can better reflect stability of the soil aggregates.

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肖海,高峰,邵艳艳,郭萍,李铭怡,张伦,杨悦舒,夏振尧,许文年.土壤原始颗粒对不同破碎机制下团聚体稳定性的影响[J].土壤学报,2021,58(3):649-656. DOI:10.11766/trxb201910150481 XIAO Hai, GAO Feng, SHAO Yanyan, GUO Ping, LI Mingyi, ZHANG Lun, YANG Yueshu, XIA Zhenyao, XU Wennian. Influence of Native Soil Particles on Soil Aggregate Stability Relative to Breaking-down Mechanism[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica,2021,58(3):649-656.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-10-15
  • 最后修改日期:2020-02-27
  • 录用日期:2020-04-14
  • 在线发布日期: 2020-12-07
  • 出版日期: 2021-05-11