首页 > 过刊浏览>2022年第59卷第1期 >105-117. DOI:10.11766/trxb202011090401
PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒
土壤侵蚀对紫色土坡耕地耕层障碍因素的影响
作者:
中图分类号:

S157.1

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目（41771310）资助


Influence of Soil Erosion on the Obstacle Factors of Cultivated Layer in Purple Sloping Farmland
Author:
Fund Project:

Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China（No.41771310）

  • 摘要
    • | |
  • 访问统计
    • |
  • 参考文献 [32]
    • |
  • 相似文献 [20]
    • |
  • 引证文献
    • | |
  • 文章评论
    摘要:

    紫色土坡耕地是长江上游重要的耕地资源，明确不同侵蚀程度下紫色土坡耕地耕层土壤的主要障碍因素及障碍因素变化特征，对紫色土坡耕地耕层土壤质量调控和持续利用具有重要价值。以紫色土坡耕地耕层土壤为研究对象，设置5个侵蚀程度（0、5、10、15、20 cm）的原位控制试验。从土壤属性角度出发，选取容重、总孔隙度、饱和导水率、土壤紧实度、土壤抗剪强度、有机质、全氮、全磷、pH、阳离子交换量等10个耕层质量指标，计算耕层质量指数（Cultivated-layer quality index，CLQI）及障碍度（Obstacle degree，Mij），定量评价不同侵蚀程度下耕层质量和障碍度变化特征。结果表明：（1）土壤侵蚀导致紫色土坡耕地耕层土壤质量指标恶化。总孔隙度、饱和导水率、抗剪强度、阳离子交换量、全氮、全磷随着侵蚀程度增加而减小，容重、土壤紧实度则随着侵蚀程度增加而增大。（2）紫色土坡耕地耕层质量指标障碍度排序依次为土壤紧实度（17.04%）>饱和导水率（15.83%）>全氮（11.49%）>有机质（11.47%）>全磷（10.73%），耕层质量主要障碍因素为土壤紧实度、饱和导水率、全氮、有机质、全磷。（3）土壤侵蚀对土壤紧实度的障碍度影响效果极显著（P<0.01）；管理措施对土壤紧实度的障碍度影响效果显著（P<0.05），对有机质、饱和导水率的障碍度影响效果极显著（P<0.01）；土壤侵蚀与管理措施的交互作用对饱和导水率、有机质的障碍度影响效果显著（P<0.05）。紫色土坡耕地耕层主要障碍类型分为土壤养分贫瘠型和土壤酸化型。研究结果可为紫色土坡耕地耕层质量调控提供理论依据。

    Abstract:

    [Objective] Purple soil sloping farmland is an important cultivated land resource in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. Therefore, clarifying the change characteristics and main obstacle factors influencing purple soil sloping farmland under different erosion degrees is important.[Method] In a cultivated layer of sloping farmland, five erosion degrees (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 cm) were set up in situ. The cultivated layer quality index (CLQI) and obstacle degree (Mij) were calculated by selecting 10 quality indexes, including bulk density, total porosity, saturated hydraulic conductivity, soil compactness, soil shear strength, organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, pH and cation exchange capacity. Thus, the change characteristics of cultivated layer quality and obstacle degree under different erosion degrees were quantitatively evaluated.[Result] Soil erosion destroyed the structure of the cultivated layer, resulting in deterioration of cultivated layer quality index. Total porosity, saturated hydraulic conductivity, shear strength, cation exchange capacity, total nitrogen and total phosphorus decreased with the increase of erosion degree, while bulk density and soil compaction increased with the increase of erosion degree. The order of obstacle degree from cultivated layer quality was soil compaction (17.04%) > saturated hydraulic conductivity (15.83%) > total nitrogen (11.49%) > organic matter (11.47%) > total phosphorus (10.73%). The main obstacle factors of cultivated layer quality were soil compaction, saturated hydraulic conductivity, total nitrogen, organic matter and total phosphorus. The effect of soil erosion and management measures on soil compaction was significant (P < 0.01) while the effect of management measures on organic matter and saturated hydraulic conductivity was extremely significant (P < 0.01). Also, the interaction between soil erosion and management measures had a significant (P < 0.05) effect on saturated hydraulic conductivity and organic matter.[Conclusion] The main obstacles of cultivated layer types of purple soil sloping farmland can be divided into soil nutrient-poor obstacle and soil acidification obstacle. All the findings above can provide a theoretical basis for quality control of purple soil sloping farmland.

    参考文献
    [1] Department of Soil Research, Chengdu Branch, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Purple Soil of China(I)[M]. Beijing:Science Press, 1991.[中国科学院成都分院土壤研究室. 中国紫色土.上篇[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 1991.]
    [2] Zhu B, Kuang F H, Gao M R, et al. Effects of soil thickness on productivity of sloping cropland of purple soil[J]. Journal of Mountain Science, 2009, 27(6):735-739.[朱波, 况福虹, 高美荣, 等. 土层厚度对紫色土坡地生产力的影响[J]. 山地学报, 2009, 27(6):735-739.]
    [3] Shi D M. Soil and water conservation on cultivated slope land in purple hilly area based on RUSLE model[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 2010, 24(3):39-44, 251.[史东梅. 基于RUSLE模型的紫色丘陵区坡耕地水土保持研究[J]. 水土保持学报, 2010, 24(3):39-44, 251.]
    [4] Chen X J, Zhao Y N, Chai G Q, et al. Integrated soil fertility and yield response to long-term different fertilization in purple soil[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2016, 32(S1):139-144.[陈轩敬, 赵亚南, 柴冠群, 等. 长期不同施肥下紫色土综合肥力演变及作物产量响应[J]. 农业工程学报, 2016, 32(S1):139-144.]
    [5] Hu Q, Chen W F, Song X L, et al. Effects of reclamation/cultivation on soil quality of saline-alkali soils in the Yellow River Delta[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2020, 57(4):824-833.[胡琴, 陈为峰, 宋希亮, 等. 开垦年限对黄河三角洲盐碱地土壤质量的影响[J]. 土壤学报, 2020, 57(4):824-833.]
    [6] Shi D M, Jiang G Y, Jiang P, et al. Effects of soil erosion factors on cultivated-layer quality of slope farmland in purple hilly area[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2017, 33(13):270-279.[史东梅, 蒋光毅, 蒋平, 等. 土壤侵蚀因素对紫色丘陵区坡耕地耕层质量影响[J]. 农业工程学报, 2017, 33(13):270-279.]
    [7] Jin H F, Shi D M, Chen Z F, et al. Evaluation indicators of cultivated layer soil quality for red soil slope farmland based on cluster and PCA analysis[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2018, 34(7):155-164.[金慧芳, 史东梅, 陈正发, 等. 基于聚类及PCA分析的红壤坡耕地耕层土壤质量评价指标[J]. 农业工程学报, 2018, 34(7):155-164.]
    [8] Jin H F, Shi D M, Zhong Y J, et al. Diagnosis of obstacle factors and degradation characteristics of cultivated-layer quality for red soil sloping farmland[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2019, 35(20):84-93.[金慧芳, 史东梅, 钟义军, 等. 红壤坡耕地耕层土壤质量退化特征及障碍因子诊断[J]. 农业工程学报, 2019, 35(20):84-93.]
    [9] Peng B Z, An X D, Chen F, et al. A study on sustainable land use in the Yangtze River Delta[J]. Journal of Natural Resources, 2001, 16(4):305-312.[彭补拙, 安旭东, 陈浮, 等. 长江三角洲土地资源可持续利用研究[J]. 自然资源学报, 2001, 16(4):305-312.]
    [10] Rezaei S A, Gilkes R J, Andrews S S. A minimum data set for assessing soil quality in rangelands[J]. Geoderma, 2006, 136(1/2):229-234.
    [11] Drechsel P, Kunze D, de Vries F P. Soil nutrient depletion and population growth in sub-Saharan Africa:A Malthusian nexus?[J]. Population and Environment, 2001, 22(4):411-423.
    [12] Xie X F, Pu L J, Zhu M, et al. Assessment of soil quality in coastal tidal flat reclamation areas based on MDS-TOPSIS model[J]. Environmental Science, 2019, 40(12):5484-5492.[解雪峰, 濮励杰, 朱明, 等. 基于MDS与TOPSIS模型的滨海滩涂围垦区土壤质量评价[J]. 环境科学, 2019, 40(12):5484-5492.]
    [13] Wang Q Q, Pu L J, Zhu M, et al. Soil quality evolution in coastal reclamation zones:A case study of Rudong County of Jiangsu Province[J]. Scientia Geographica Sinica, 2016, 36(2):256-264.[王琪琪, 濮励杰, 朱明, 等. 沿海滩涂围垦区土壤质量演变研究——以江苏省如东县为例[J]. 地理科学, 2016, 36(2):256-264.]
    [14] Zhang B E, Huang B, Zhao Y C, et al. Identification of areas low in soil fertility and analysis of their limiting factors in the region typical of the North China Plain[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2012, 49(5):841-849.[张贝尔, 黄标, 赵永存, 等. 华北平原典型区土壤肥力低下区识别及限制因子分析[J]. 土壤学报, 2012, 49(5):841-849.]
    [15] Fan Y N, Yao L P, Qu M K, et al. Yield-based soil fertility quality assessment and constraint factor-based zoning of paddy soil-A case study of Jinxian County[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2017, 54(5):1157-1169.[樊亚男, 姚利鹏, 瞿明凯, 等. 基于产量的稻田肥力质量评价及障碍因子区划——以进贤县为例[J]. 土壤学报, 2017, 54(5):1157-1169.]
    [16] Yang Q Y, Yang J S, Yao R J, et al. GIS-based evaluation of soil nutrient depletion and analysis of its limiting factors in Yucheng City[J]. Journal of Natural Resources, 2010, 25(8):1375-1384.[杨奇勇, 杨劲松, 姚荣江, 等. 基于GIS的耕地土壤养分贫瘠化评价及其障碍因子分析[J]. 自然资源学报, 2010, 25(8):1375-1384.]
    [17] Jiang N, Shi D M, Jiang G Y, et al. Effects of soil erosion on physical and mechanical properties of cultivated layer of purple soil slope farmland[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(9):1845-1859.[江娜, 史东梅, 蒋光毅, 等. 土壤侵蚀对紫色土坡耕地耕层物理及力学特性的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2020, 53(9):1845-1859.]
    [18] Lou Y B, Shi D M, Jiang N, et al. Effects of soil erosion on soil moisture and infiltration characteristics of slope farmland[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2020, 57(6):1399-1410.[娄义宝, 史东梅, 江娜, 等. 土壤侵蚀对坡耕地土壤水分及入渗特性影响[J]. 土壤学报, 2020, 57(6):1399-1410.]
    [19] Department of Soil Physics, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Method for determination of soil physical properties[M]. Beijing:Science Press, 1978:140-148.[中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤物理研究室[M]. 土壤物理性质测定方法. 北京:科学出版社, 1978:140-148.]
    [20] Xu M X, Li Q, Wilson G. Degradation of soil physicochemical quality by ephemeral gully erosion on sloping cropland of the hilly Loess Plateau, China[J]. Soil and Tillage Research, 2016, 155:9-18.
    [21] Zhang R, Liu Y Z. Evaluation on cultivated land ecological security based on the PSR model and diagnosis of its obstacle indicators in China[J]. Resources and Environment in the Yangtze Basin, 2013, 22(7):945-951.[张锐, 刘友兆. 我国耕地生态安全评价及障碍因子诊断[J]. 长江流域资源与环境, 2013, 22(7):945-951.]
    [22] Qin W X, Wang X C, Ma S C, et al. Obstacle factors diagnosis of land ecological quality based on functional partition-A case study of Xinxiang City[J]. Research of Soil and Water Conservation, 2015, 22(4):148-154.[秦伟霞, 王新闯, 马守臣, 等. 基于功能分区的土地生态质量障碍因子诊断——以新乡市为例[J]. 水土保持研究, 2015, 22(4):148-154.]
    [23] Song G, Shi D M, Zeng X Y, et al. Quality barrier characteristics of cultivated layer for sloping farmland in purple hilly region[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2020, 53(7):1397-1410.[宋鸽, 史东梅, 曾小英, 等. 紫色土坡耕地耕层质量障碍特征[J]. 中国农业科学, 2020, 53(7):1397-1410.]
    [24] Chen L, Tu K, Wang H, et al. Optimization of the conditions for hot-air treatment of postharvest Red Fuji apples using response surface method[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2006, 22(2):159-163.[陈莉, 屠康, 王海, 等. 采用响应曲面法对采后红富士苹果热处理条件的优化[J]. 农业工程学报, 2006, 22(2):159-163.]
    [25] Ding W B, Jiang G Y, Shi D M, et al. Effect of different soil properties on plow-layer soil quality of sloping farmland in purple hilly areas[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2017, 37(19):6480-6493.[丁文斌, 蒋光毅, 史东梅, 等. 紫色土坡耕地土壤属性差异对耕层土壤质量的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2017, 37(19):6480-6493.]
    [26] Shi D M, Jin H F, Jiang G Y. Degradation effect of soil erosion on tillage-layer quality of slope farmland and its evaluation trend[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2019, 35(18):118-126.[史东梅, 金慧芳, 蒋光毅. 土壤侵蚀对坡耕地耕层质量退化作用及其评价趋势展望[J]. 农业工程学报, 2019, 35(18):118-126.]
    [27] Liu L, Xie D T, Li Z Y, et al. Cations exchange and its effect on acid buffering capacity of acid purple soil[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2020, 57(4):887-897.[刘莉, 谢德体, 李忠意, 等. 酸性紫色土的阳离子交换特征及其对酸缓冲容量的影响[J]. 土壤学报, 2020, 57(4):887-897.]
    [28] Liang X F, Zhao S W, Zhang Y, et al. Effects of vegetation rehabilitation on soil saturated hydraulic conductivity in Ziwuling Forest Area[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2009, 29(2):636-642.[梁向锋, 赵世伟, 张扬, 等. 子午岭植被恢复对土壤饱和导水率的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2009, 29(2):636-642.]
    [29] Wang H L, Tang X Y, Zhang W, et al. Effects of biochar application on tilth soil hydraulic properties of slope cropland of purple soil[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2015, 31(4):107-112.[王红兰, 唐翔宇, 张维, 等. 施用生物炭对紫色土坡耕地耕层土壤水力学性质的影响[J]. 农业工程学报, 2015, 31(4):107-112.]
    [30] Wang H J, Hao J P, Feng R Y, et al. Microhole subsoiling decreasing soil compaction, and improving yield and seed quality of cotton[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2015, 31(8):7-14.[王慧杰, 郝建平, 冯瑞云, 等. 微孔深松耕降低土壤紧实度提高棉花产量与种籽品质[J]. 农业工程学报, 2015, 31(8):7-14.]
    [31] Zhou H K, Zhao X Q, Zhou L, et al. A study on correlations between vegetation degradation and soil degradation in the ‘Alpine Meadow’ of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau[J]. Acta Pratacultural Science, 2005, 14(3):31-40.[周华坤, 赵新全, 周立, 等. 青藏高原高寒草甸的植被退化与土壤退化特征研究[J]. 草业学报, 2005, 14(3):31-40.]
    [32] Liu J, Chen X F, Liu M, et al. Effects of long-term fertilization on bacterial community in upland red soil[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2020, 57(2):468-478.[刘佳, 陈晓芬, 刘明, 等. 长期施肥对旱地红壤细菌群落的影响[J]. 土壤学报, 2020, 57(2):468-478.]
    网友评论
    网友评论
    分享到微博
    发 布
引用本文

江娜,史东梅,曾小英,叶青,张健乐,李辉丹.土壤侵蚀对紫色土坡耕地耕层障碍因素的影响[J].土壤学报,2022,59(1):105-117. DOI:10.11766/trxb202011090401 JIANG Na, SHI Dongmei, ZENG Xiaoying, YE Qing, ZHANG Jianle, LI Huidan. Influence of Soil Erosion on the Obstacle Factors of Cultivated Layer in Purple Sloping Farmland[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica,2022,59(1):105-117.

复制
分享
文章指标
  • 点击次数:594
  • 下载次数: 2195
  • HTML阅读次数: 1066
  • 引用次数: 0
历史
  • 收稿日期:2020-11-09
  • 最后修改日期:2021-07-17
  • 录用日期:2021-10-11
  • 在线发布日期: 2021-10-20
  • 出版日期: 2022-01-11
文章二维码
今日访问量：12155 您是第8204542 位访问者
通讯地址：江苏省南京市江宁区麒麟街道创优路298号 邮政编码：211135 电话：025-86881237
网址：http://pedologica.issas.ac.cn/ E-mail：actapedo@issas.ac.cn
版权所有：《土壤学报》编辑部 技术支持：北京勤云科技发展有限公司 ICP:05004320号-1