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肥力提升措施对林地红壤生物结皮层微生物群落结构的影响
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国家自然科学基金项目（31660192）、江西省教育厅科学技术研究项目（GJJ161093）和江西省水利厅科技项目（KT201546）资助


Effects of Different Fertility Improvement Measures on Microbial Community Structures in Biological Red Soil Crusts of Woodland
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the Science and Technology Research Project of Jiangxi Province Education Department (No. GJJ161093 and GJJ201924) and the Science and Technology Project of Jiangxi Province Water Resources Department (No. KT201546)

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    摘要:

    微生物在土壤生物结皮形成中起重要作用，但是目前对于南方红壤生物结皮层中微生物群落的研究鲜少涉及，尤其是在林地改良措施下红壤结皮层中微生物群落结构的变化尚不清楚。本研究以中亚热带典型第四纪红黏土严重侵蚀湿地松裸露林地为对照，添加有机肥、生物炭和石灰+微生物肥料为肥力提升措施，采用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序技术研究不同肥力提升措施对红壤生物结皮层细菌和真菌群落结构的影响。结果表明：该林地土壤生物结皮层共检测出21个细菌门和7个真菌门，优势细菌门为酸杆菌门（Acidobacteria）（27.39%）、变形菌门（Proteobacteria）（25.90%）、放线菌门（Actinobacteria）（16.68%）和绿弯菌门（Chloroflexi）（12.26%）；优势真菌门为担子菌门（61.19%）和子囊菌门（29.48%）；肥力提升措施对细菌和真菌多样性无显著影响，却显著改变了其群落结构，作用大小依次为有机肥处理、生物炭处理、石灰+微生物肥料处理，且对细菌群落结构的影响高于真菌；三种措施均明显提高了变形菌门（Proteobacteria）细菌的相对丰度，降低了绿弯菌门（Chloroflexi）细菌的相对丰度，有机肥处理和石灰+微生物肥料处理均明显提高了子囊菌门（Ascomycota）真菌的相对丰度，却降低了担子菌门（Basidiomycota）真菌的相对丰度，而生物炭处理则相反；土壤环境因子中pH、有机碳和全氮对微生物群落结构的影响较大。研究结果对于红壤侵蚀区调控土壤微生物群落结构，进而促进生物结皮形成，防治林下水土流失具有重要指导意义。

    Abstract:

    【Objective】Microorganisms play an important role in the formation of biological soil crusts while biological soil crusts are important for controlling soil erosion. However, there is limited research on microbial community in the biological soil crusts of southern red soil. Therefore, the changes of microbial community structure under forest fertility improvement measures in this area are unclear.【Method】The present study was conducted in the Pinus elliotti forest of tropical Quaternary laterite in the middle subtropical zone. Organic fertilizer, biochar, and lime + microbial fertilizer were added to soil, and bare land was set as the control (CK). High throughput sequencing technology (Illumina MiSeq) was used to study the effects of the three fertility improvement measures on bacterial and fungal community structures. 【Result】Results showed that 21 bacteriophyta and 7 mycobionta were detected in biological soil crusts. The dominant bacteriophyta were Acidobacteria (27.39%), Proteobacteria (25.90%), Actinobacteria (16.68%), Chloroflexi (12.26%), while the dominant mycobionta were Basidiomycota (61.19%) and Ascomycota (29.48%). The three fertility improvement measures had no significant effects on the diversities of bacteria and fungi, but significantly changed their community structures in order of organic fertilizer > biochar > lime + microbial fertilizer, and these effects were higher in bacteria, compared to fungi. Also, the effects of the three fertility improvement measures on specific bacteriophyta and mycobionta were different. The three fertility improvement measures increased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria, and decreased the relative abundance of Chloroflexi. Organic fertilizer and lime + microbial fertilizer increased the relative abundance of Ascomycota, but decreased the relative abundance of Basidiomycota, while biochar had opposite effects on mycobionta. Among the soil environmental factors, pH, organic carbon, and total nitrogen had a great influence on microbial community structure.【Conclusion】These results provided significant scientific guidance for the regulation of soil microbial community structures in biological soil crusts, which is beneficial for the formation of biological soil crusts and the control of water and soil erosion in southern red soil.

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王金平,黄荣珍,朱丽琴,黄国敏,邹显花,管鸿智,林丽靖,李鑫.肥力提升措施对林地红壤生物结皮层微生物群落结构的影响[J].土壤学报,2023,60(1):292-303. DOI:10.11766/trxb202108130311 WANG Jinping, HUANG Rongzhen, ZHU Liqin, HUANG Guomin, ZOU Xianhua, GUAN Hongzhi, LIN Lijing, LI Xin. Effects of Different Fertility Improvement Measures on Microbial Community Structures in Biological Red Soil Crusts of Woodland[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica,2023,60(1):292-303.

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