This article deals with the effect of different structure on the phosphorus figation and nitrogen retention in some red soils.According to the results of the ezperiwent,the relationship between the soil structure and the its nutrients supply and retention is discussed.Experiment results showed that the well-cultivated upland red soil and the fertile paddy soil of red earth with better structure were lower in fixation and higher in supply capability of phosphorus as compared with the infertile upland red soil and paddy soil of red earth with poor structure respectively.The NH₄-N retention in well-cultivated upland red soil with better structure was more in quantity than that in the infertile upland red soil with poor structure and nitrogen in the former released more readily than that in the latter.