Gonghe basin located in Gonghe and Qinghai Counties of Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Southern Qinghai Province is one of the main areas of food and oil crops of Qinghai Province. This paper deals tvith the basic properties of main soil types and their distribution characteristics, as well as their utilization and improvement methods based on research data obtained from soil survey during 1962-1965 and 1978-1980 in this basin.