Sulphur deficiency in soils of China was estimated and indicated by a map (Fig. 1). Based on estimation of input and output of soil sulphur and crop response to sulphur fertilizers, it was stated that sulphur deficiency would not occur in large areas of China in the near future. Under certain special conditions, however, paddy soils submerged under cold water, some sandy soils might become sulphur deficient. The decreasing use of sulphur containing fertilizers, as a consequence of developing the chemical fertilizer industry, is predicted.