More than 2000-year history of agriculture in China has demonstrated that the grain yield could be sustained and the soil productivity could be maintained and gradually improved through recycling the nutrient elements and raising the efficiency of organic manure. The input of non-agricultural material and energy is a most effective way to increase the crop yield and is oae of important characteristics of modern agriculture. But there is a tendency in some regions that the farraers prefer only chemical fertilizer. The long-term application of sole chemical fertilizers will cause many soil problems and exert a bad influence on crop quality and human health. Particular attention could be given to the development, production and application of the organic inanures, so as to solve the problem of organic manures, to improve soil properties and to develop sustainable agriculture.