X-ray diffraction and selective chemical extraction methods were used to investigate the types of manganese minerals in iron-manganese nodules of several soils in China. The changes of relative intensity of X-ray diffraction patterns were studied before and after chemically selective extraction. It was found that lithiophorite was a common manganese mineral in all tested iron-manganese nodules with high degree of crystallinity. Todorokite, however, was predominant manganese mineral of iron-manganese nodules in cal-aquic Vertisols of Shandong province (No.5-4). The iron-manganese nodules of arp-udic Luvisols (No.2-1, No.4-1) in Hubei province contained birnessite and vernadite. Moreover, hollandite was found in iron-manganese nodules of alt udic Ferrisols in Yizhang, Hunan province (No. A), arp-udic Luvisols (No.4-1) in Zaoyang, Hubei province and cal-aquic Vertisols (No.5-1) in Shangdong province. There were a few of coronadite in iron-manganese nodules of alt udic Ferrisol in Guiyang, Hunan province (No.1-1). The types and amounts of manganese minerals in soil iron-manganese nodules were related to conditions of soil materials and environments.