Experiment was carried out with flouvo-aguic soils of low fertility coming from Qihe,Shandong Province.The results of 15 years application showed that matching use of straw and chemical fert ilizer is an effective measure to increase yield and improve soil fertility.As straw application rate at the range of 2250,4500,6750 kg hm^-2,the accumulation of O.M.,available nutrient and activity of urease have markedly positive correlation to amount of straw and are effected by climate,growing season,soil texture et al.