A field experiment was carried out to explore dynamics of bacteria，fungus and actinomyces in population in rhizospheric and nonrhizospheric soils of winter wheat growing under different concentrations of atmospheric ozone (100 and 150 nl L^-1). Results suggest that with the succession of the growing stages, the microbes in total showed a regular curve, reaching a peak at the heading stage. In the rhizospheric and non-rhizospheric soils, bacteria and fungi displayed a saddleshaped curve, rising first and declining later, reaching a peak at the heading and booting stages, respectively, whereas actinomyces a declining trend throughout the growing period. During the entire growth period，O₃treatment had significant effect on microbes, with bacteria dropping significantly in population under elevated O₃ concentration. However, fungi varied sharply only at the mature stage and actinomyces did insignificantly at any stage.