Organic and phenolic acids are the major components of root exudates, and they play important roles in rhizosphere. Studies have demonstrated that root exudates vary with species and nutrient condition of a plant and tillage. However, little work has been done on effect of planting model, especially intercropping, on root exudation, and rhizospheric process. Wheat and faba bean intercropping is a common planting model in Yunnan Province, Southwest China. A number of researchers have found that wheat and faba bean intercropping could significantly improve yields and nutrients use efficiency of the crops, and the beneficial effects of intercropping are partly attributed to the changes it causes in rhizosphere process. In order to explore effects of the intercropping of wheat and faba bean on rhizosphere, a pot experiment was conducted, and HPLC analysis was performed of the rhizospheric soils of the plants for contents of organic and phenolic acids at different growth stages of wheat and faba bean. Results show that intercropping increased the content of organic acids in the rhizosphere of faba bean at the vegetative stage (57~120 d), and especially at the branching and pod setting stages, it did the content of total organic acids in the rhizosphere up to 21.7 and 1.95 times, respectively, as high as in the rhizosphere of mono-cropping faba bean. The effect was reflected particularly on accumulation of citric and fumaric acids. Besides, intercropping also increased the content of organic acids in the rihzosphere of wheat during its reproductive stage (120~169 d), and especially at the booting and filling stages, it did the content of total organic acids up to 3.73 and 2.3 times, respectively, as high as in the rhizosphere of mono-cropping wheat. The effects were particularly apparent on accumulation of lactic, acetic and fumaric acids. In addition, wheat and faba bean intercropping decreased the content of penolic acids and inhibited accumulation of the acid in the rhizosphere of wheat, but did not have any influence on type of penolic acid. However, intercropping altered composition of penolic acids by enhancing the accumulation of vanillic and syringic acids, and reducing the content of ρ-Coumaric acid in the rhizosphere of faba bean. In conclusion, intercropping of wheat and faba bean can alter rhizospheric processes of the plants by affecting the accumulation and composition of organic acids and phenolic acids in the rhizsphere.