Farmers in Miaofeng Mountain, Mentougou District of Beijing have been growing red rose for over 500 years. The red rose growing there is famous the world over for its bright color, strong flavor taste, high oil content, excellent quality and high economic value. Currently, the area has a total of about 460 hm2 dedicated to rose cultivation and produces about 100 000 kg of roses annually. Fresh roses are used for extraction of rose essential oil and production of rose syrup cordial for export. However, it is very hard to extend control of the rose, because roses were once cultivated in Phoenix Hill, not so high in quality. To explore differences between the soils in Miaofeng Mountain and Phoenix Hill in soil morphological feature, soil slices were prepared out of the soils of the two areas for comparison and analysis with the soil slice image processing and analysis system and the software of image-pro plus 6.0, qualitatively and quantitatively from the aspects of soil microstructure, organic matter, skeleton particles and soil pores. Results show that the soil of the rose gardens in Miaofeng Mountain is better developed in soil structure than that in Phoenix Hill, dominated with bonded matrix and microstructure of moderately separated subangular blocks; The former has rich sources of organic matter and is higher than the latter in distribution frequency of organic matter in all layers, and hence much higher in bio-activity; comparison of the soil profile in Miaofeng Mountain with that in Phoenix Hill shows that the skeleton particles in the former were smaller in particle size, on average < 17 μm, but higher in psephicity than those in the latter; Though the total porocity in the former was lower than the latter in all layers, the former has more stack pores that are well connected and facilitate to storage of water in the soil. Comparison of the two also shows that human activities do not have much effect on soil micromorphology. It is the differentiation between the two areas in geological condition that makes the two different in soil development degree. The bedrock in Miaofeng Mountain is much higher than that in Phoenix Hill in content of Fe, Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn, B and Sr. Consequently, the soil derived from andesite and andesitic volcaniclastic rock is also quite higher in these elements. Researches have shown that elements like Mg, Fe and B can promote synthesis of various enzymes needed for plant growth. In addition, Miaofeng Mountain is a synclinal mountain formed by tectonic movement. The landform, on the one hand, evolved out of the synclinal structure of the mountain improves water holding property of its terrane, and on the other hand, the outstanding mountain facilitates formation of a micrometeorology that favors growth of red roses. All the above-described form a unique natural advantage that gives the red roses in the Miaofeng Mountain unique properties. In order to expand the scale of rose cultivation in Beijing, it is advisable to choose areas similar to Miaofeng Mountain in lithology, geologic structure and landform for cultivation of red roses.