【Objective】Wetlands play an important role in the global carbon cycle, but in estimating their carbon stocks, a number of uncertainties need to be settled. The aim of this paper is to quantify ecosystem carbon storage and the carbon sequestration capacity of the seven natural wetlands, and explore rules for spatial distribution of the wetlands along the environmental gradient of the permafrost transition zone.【Method】Ecosystem carbon storage (ECS=vegetation C storage and soil organic C storage), net primary productivity(NPP) and annual net carbon sequestration(ANCS) of seven kinds of typical natural wetlands (C: tussock wetland, G: shrub wetland, M: Alnus sibirica wetland, B: Betula platyphylla wetland, LT: Larix gmelinii-Carex schmidtii wetland, LX: Larix gmelinii -Moss wetland, and LN: Larix gmelinii-Sphagnum spp wetland) distributed one by one in an order along the environmental gradient of the transition zone of the Daxing’anling permafrost in the cold temperate zone were measured sychroneously by using relative growth equations and Multi N/C 3100, HT 1300 Solids Module (Analytik Jena AG, Germany).【Result】Results show: (1)VCS of the seven wetlands varied from 3.60 to 62.18 t•hm^-2, exhibiting a skewing trend of rising first and then decreasing along the water environmental gradient of the transition from marsh to forest; (2)SOCS of the seven wetlands did from 179.47 to 320.81 t•hm^-2, and the SOCSs of the forested wetlands(except Wetland M) and shrub wetlands were significantly or 56.4%-78.8% higher than that of Wetland C by (P<0.05) and 32.0%-50.9%(P<0.05) higher than that of Wetland M; (3)ECS of these wetlands did from 183.07 to 347.14 t•hm^-2, and ECS of the forested wetlands (except Wetland M) and shrub wetlands were significantly or 64.0%-89.6% higher than that of Wetland C (P<0.05) and 28.1%-48.1% higher than that of Wetland M(P<0.05), yet the proportion of soil carbon stocks in the forested wetlands (82.1%-96.4%) was lower than that in Wetlands C and G (98.0%-98.3%); (4)NPP and ANCS of the seven wetlands did from 6.76 to 11.22 t•hm^-2•a^-1 and from 2.97 to 5.37 t•hm^-2•a^-1, respectively, and NPP and ANCS of the forested wetlands(except Wetland LN) were significantly or 26.9%-61.4% and 30.5%-66.0% higher than their respective ones of Wetland C and 38.6%-77.2% and 41.4%-80.8%(P<0.05) higher than their respective ones of Wetland G.【Conclusion】Therefore, the ECSs of all the types of wetlands in the cold temperate permafrost region were relatively low, reaching only up to 46.9%~89.0% of the bottom value of the peat land carbon reserve (390-1 395 t•hm^-2) in North China, and on the whole displayed an increasing trend along the environmental gradient of the transition zone. Carbon sequestration capacity of the forested wetlands (except Wetland LN) was higher than that of the shrub wetlands and tussock wetlands. And the former was slightly higher than the estimated ANCS of the global terrestrial vegetation (4.1 t•hm^-2•a^-1), the latters were equal only to 3/4 of that.