[Objective] To evaluate nutrient cycling and pollutant migration in the Earth’s Critical Zone, it is essential to understand solute transport in soils. Despite extensive studies on processes and mechanisms of solute transport, little is known about how to characterize and regulate solute transport in soils different in soil texture and vegetation cover. This study is oriented to investigate Cl^- transport parameters and their influencing factors in typical sandy and loamy soils different in vegetation cover in the Liudaogou and Gechougou watersheds in the northern part of the Loess Plateau. [Method] Six undisturbed soil columns（7 cm in diameter and 25 cm in height）different in texture（sandy and loamy, abbreviated as S and L, respectively）and in vegetation cover（arbor, shrub and grass, abbreviated as AR, SH and GR, respectively）were collected by hand to keep it as intact as possible in the Liudaogou and Gechougou watersheds located in Shenmu City, Shaanxi Province. With these columns, an indoor experiment was carried out to determine Cl^- penetration curve in each soil column and experiment data were simulated with the convection-dispersion equation. Cl^- transport parameters, including time the penetration begins（TS）, time the penetration ends（TE）, average pore-water velocity（V）and hydrodynamic dispersion coefficient（D）, were obtained with the aid of the CXFIT software. Relationships between soil properties and Cl^- transport parameters were analyzed with Pearson’s test. [Result] Results show that TS, TE, V and D of Cl^- all varied with soil texture, vegetation type and soil depth in the range of 12~80 min, 75~480 min, 0.52~1.98 cm·h^-1 and 0.75~2.55 cm²·h^-1, respectively. TS and TE was the lowest in the 0~20 cm soil layer and increased with increasing soil depth, while V and D both exhibited a reverse pattern. Mean V and D in 0~1 m soil profiles the same in texture varied with vegetation cover, showing a decreasing order of S-AR > S-GR > S-SH and L-AR > L-SH > L-GR, while mean TS and TE did too, but showing opposite trends, which could be attributed to the differences caused by different vegetation covers in root biomass distribution in 0~1 m soil profiles either sandy or loamy in texture, which in turn affected the number of macro-pores, connectivity density and preferential flow pathway. On the other hand, mean V and D in 0~1 m soil profiles the same in vegetation cover varied with soil texture, showing orders of S-AR > L-AR; S-SH > L-SH and S-GR > L-GR, while mean TS and TE did too, but showing reverse patterns, which could be ascribed to the difference in soil mechanical composition that significantly affected the size and distribution of soil pores. Sandy soil was higher in number of macro-pores and more homogeneous in pore distribution, which was conducive to formation of preferential flow in soil profiles. In contrast, loamy soil was more complex in porosity formed of micro-pores and higher in adsorption force and capacity that inhibited Cl^- transport. Soil bulk density, number of macro-pores, connectivity density, and contents of organic carbon, sand, silt and clay were all significantly related to V, TS and TE, indicating that soil properties were major factors affecting Cl^- transport in soils, even though different in soil texture and in vegetation cover. [Conclusion] All the findings in this study may serve as references for rational vegetation distribution in soils different in texture in the Loess Plateau region to reduce soil nutrient loss and improve service functions of the ecosystem.