【Objective】Farmland soil organic carbon pool is one of the most important soil carbon pools and its sequestration and emission have a huge impact on global climate change. It is essential to estimate the soil carbon sequestration rate and potential of farmland soils accurately for managing soil fertility and the ecological environment. Fujian Province is characterized by a large population and small land use and strong spatial heterogeneity of soil. It is of great significance to identify the dynamic evolution trend of soil organic carbon and future carbon sequestration potential of cultivated land in this region for formulating the national strategy of "carbon neutrality" and food security in subtropical regions of China.【Method】This study covered five counties including Minhou, Pucheng, Tongan, Wuping and Yongding, located in different geographical locations in Fujian Province. Soil attributes data based on the data of field measurements at 30, 211 sampling sites in 1980 and 15, 948 sampling sites in 2008, scattered in these five counties were analyzed. The 1980 soil spatial database was digitized during the Second Soil Survey 1: 50 000 soil map and the 2008 soil spatial database was extracted from the annual 1: 50 000 land-use status map. Through ArcGIS software and the Ordinary Kriging method, we related the soil spatial data and soil attributes to obtain a high-precision farmland soil database. Based on the most detailed soil database of 1: 50 000 at the regional scale, we used the biogeochemical process model DNDC(DeNitrification and Decomposition)to simulate the organic carbon changes in these five counties from 1980 to 2009 and to get predicted value from 2010 to 2039. Also, we estimated the soil carbon sequestration rate and potential of farmland soil in the province by the method of scaling up. 【Result】 Results show that the carbon sequestration amount of the cultivated land in Fujian Province from 1980 to 2009 was 7.37 Tg, and the carbon sequestration potential from 2010 to 2039 was 7.04 Tg. The average annual carbon sequestration rate for the two periods was 190 kg·hm^-2 and 176 kg·hm^-2, respectively. Among them, paddy soil and saline paddy soil showed the highest carbon sequestration rate in soil type and soil subgroup, respectively, and was greater than 175 kg hm^-2 in different periods. The carbon sequestration rate of the red soil group and soil subgroup was the lowest, with an average rate between –29～3 kg·hm^-2. Generally, the total carbon sequestration of paddy soil was higher than 6.5 Tg in different periods, accounting for more than 92% of the province's total carbon sequestration, which is the key to formulating carbon sequestration and emission reduction measures in the future. 【Conclusion】Results of this study indicate that the cultivated soil in Fujian province showed a weak "carbon sink" effect from 1980 to 2009 and 2010 to 2039. This indicates that the current farmland management measures in this area are conducive for carbon sequestration of cultivated soil and should continue to be promoted. Meanwhile, due to the high variability in soil properties, the soil organic carbon(SOC)change in Fujian province was strongly influenced by soil type, soil subgroup and soil genus. Therefore, in future "carbon sink" policy formulation, it is necessary to formulate corresponding management measures for specific soil types.