As the material basis of food security, fertilizer plays an important role in supporting grain yield, agricultural product quality and human nutrition and health. Stepping into the new era, under the great situation of the national social economy, especially the green transformation of industry and agriculture, fertilizer innovation is facing the great challenge of synergistic realization of multiple objectives including food security, resource efficiency, environmental friendliness, nutrition and health, green and low carbon. In order to solve this major problem, the concept and industrialization pathway of green intelligent fertilizer were put forward in this paper. Through systematically elaborating the interactive principle of soil, plant, microorganism, fertilizer and environment, this study put forward a new academic idea for creating green intelligent fertilizer that matches soil, crops and climate and environmental conditions, and proposed its theoretical framework, key scientific issues, research and development pathways and future breakthroughs of green intelligent fertilizer. This study can provide new insights and reference for the design and implementation of holistic solutions for the green development of the whole industrial chain of multi-disciplinary cross-innovation and integration of industry and agriculture, aiming at promoting the green transformation and upgrading of China's chemical fertilizer industry and ultimately supporting the green development of agriculture.