Soil fauna constitutes a vital component of soil ecosystems and plays a crucial role in ecosystem functioning. The high temperature caused by global warming will cause damage to soil fauna and affect their ecological functions. In addition, chemical pollutants released by human activities can also have toxic effects on soil fauna. Hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs) are a kind of widely prevalent class of pollutants in soil. The combined effects of high temperatures and HOCs can impact soil fauna, and the tests for HOC risk assessment are typically conducted at optimal temperatures for the test species, resulting in inaccurate outcomes due to the disregard of temperature effects. Currently, there is a lack of in-depth understanding of the combined effects and mechanisms of high temperatures and HOCs on soil fauna. Therefore, we systematically reviewed the studies on the combined effects of different high-temperature scenarios and HOCs on soil fauna, and the significance of these studies in environmental risk assessment. Our discussion highlights that future research should focus on the combined effects of HOCs and high temperatures in real-world scenarios, particularly at the molecular level, and enhance the development and application of ecotoxicological models. This will improve our understanding of HOCs in the natural world and refine existing methods of environmental risk assessment to better address the challenges ecosystems face under climate change.