Volume 17,Issue 4,1980 Table of Contents
1980, 17(4):299-307.
Abstract:
In this paper the distribution of rare earth elements (REE) in soils is discussed based on the analytical data of ten soil samples collected from Guangzhou.They are red soil,four derived from granites and sis derived from sediments or sedimentary rocks.The latter include two paddy soils derived from recent river deposits,two purple soils derived from red rock series,one red soil derived from sandstone,and one derived from limestone.The contents of ten REE (La,Ce,Pr,Nd,Sm Eu,Gd,Tb,Yb and Lu) were determined by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) and the contents of Sr were determined by X-ray fluorescence method.
In this paper the distribution of rare earth elements (REE) in soils is discussed based on the analytical data of ten soil samples collected from Guangzhou.They are red soil,four derived from granites and sis derived from sediments or sedimentary rocks.The latter include two paddy soils derived from recent river deposits,two purple soils derived from red rock series,one red soil derived from sandstone,and one derived from limestone.The contents of ten REE (La,Ce,Pr,Nd,Sm Eu,Gd,Tb,Yb and Lu) were determined by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) and the contents of Sr were determined by X-ray fluorescence method.
1980, 17(4):308-318.
Abstract:
Alpine meadow soil is widely spread in tha South Qinghai Plateau and partly distributed in Haibei,Hainan and Huangnan regions on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.Alpine meadow soil,being the principal soil of the range is situated in the regions of 4,000-4,700 metres above sea level on the South Qinghai Plateau,and 3,300-4,000 metres in other regions respectively.It develops under the conditions of cold semihumid mountainous climate with mean annual air temperature of 0-5.7℃ and precipitation of 270-550 mm.Its predominant vegetative cover is Kobresia pygmaea.Such distribution may be considered as a result of the influence by the combined actions of horizontal and vertical zonality.
Alpine meadow soil is widely spread in tha South Qinghai Plateau and partly distributed in Haibei,Hainan and Huangnan regions on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.Alpine meadow soil,being the principal soil of the range is situated in the regions of 4,000-4,700 metres above sea level on the South Qinghai Plateau,and 3,300-4,000 metres in other regions respectively.It develops under the conditions of cold semihumid mountainous climate with mean annual air temperature of 0-5.7℃ and precipitation of 270-550 mm.Its predominant vegetative cover is Kobresia pygmaea.Such distribution may be considered as a result of the influence by the combined actions of horizontal and vertical zonality.
1980, 17(4):319-327.
Abstract:
Decomposition experiments were carried out under field conditions in Wu-xi district,JIangsu province with 13 kinds of plant residues such as the straws of cereal and leguminous crops including green manure plants,most of them are usually grown in Tai-lake basin.Under favorable conditions,the decomposition of plant materials proceeded much more rapidly in the first month,then became slower gradually and retained almost unchange untill the 2nd and even 3rd year.The difference among the amounts of C decomposed from different plant residues was greatest in the initial 1-3 months,whereas their difference could be found apparently even in third year.
Decomposition experiments were carried out under field conditions in Wu-xi district,JIangsu province with 13 kinds of plant residues such as the straws of cereal and leguminous crops including green manure plants,most of them are usually grown in Tai-lake basin.Under favorable conditions,the decomposition of plant materials proceeded much more rapidly in the first month,then became slower gradually and retained almost unchange untill the 2nd and even 3rd year.The difference among the amounts of C decomposed from different plant residues was greatest in the initial 1-3 months,whereas their difference could be found apparently even in third year.
1980, 17(4):328-335.
Abstract:
Studies on the interrelation between soil fertility and crop growth of five paddy soils collected from the southern part of Jiangsu province were conducted in pot egperiment.Rice,millet and soybean were used as first crop,each followed by bare-barley as the second crop,and the third crop was rice.The result obtained indicated that potential fertility of soils quite differed from their available fertility,and each soil had their own characteristics.Even though the yields of three crops were not alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen,mineralizable nitrogen only correlated with total nitrogen,or available phosphorus content in soils,but also with the nitrogen content or phosphorus content extent,the results obtained were not significant statistically.in those plants to some Thus it seems that the yields of crops or nutrient composition of plants were determined by many factors.
Studies on the interrelation between soil fertility and crop growth of five paddy soils collected from the southern part of Jiangsu province were conducted in pot egperiment.Rice,millet and soybean were used as first crop,each followed by bare-barley as the second crop,and the third crop was rice.The result obtained indicated that potential fertility of soils quite differed from their available fertility,and each soil had their own characteristics.Even though the yields of three crops were not alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen,mineralizable nitrogen only correlated with total nitrogen,or available phosphorus content in soils,but also with the nitrogen content or phosphorus content extent,the results obtained were not significant statistically.in those plants to some Thus it seems that the yields of crops or nutrient composition of plants were determined by many factors.
1980, 17(4):336-345.
Abstract:
Two mycorrhizal fund CC-1,CC-2 were used to inoculate the roots of three citrus species.Anatomic investigation showed that they might be associated with the host plant to form endomycorrhiza,but there were significant differences in the debree of infection among different citrus species.At the time of four and a half months after inoculation,the rate of infection of glorious orange inoculated with CC-1 and it was found that there were mycelia on the root surface and plenty of vesicles and arbuscules in tortes.The infection rate of rough lemon inoculated with CC-2 was 7000,and there was no mycelium on the root surface,and the infection rate of Poncinus trifoliata was the minimal.
Two mycorrhizal fund CC-1,CC-2 were used to inoculate the roots of three citrus species.Anatomic investigation showed that they might be associated with the host plant to form endomycorrhiza,but there were significant differences in the debree of infection among different citrus species.At the time of four and a half months after inoculation,the rate of infection of glorious orange inoculated with CC-1 and it was found that there were mycelia on the root surface and plenty of vesicles and arbuscules in tortes.The infection rate of rough lemon inoculated with CC-2 was 7000,and there was no mycelium on the root surface,and the infection rate of Poncinus trifoliata was the minimal.
1980, 17(4):346-354.
Abstract:
This article deals with the characteristics of the mycoflora in plough layers of the permanently submerged paddy soils (P.P.S.) developed on lacustrine deposit in central and southern Jiangsu province,alluvial deposit along the lower Yangtze river,and loesaal deposit near Nanjing,or of other submerged soils under anaerobic condition in various districts.The characteristics of mycoflora of the soils mentioned above in tomparison with that under temporarily submerged paddy soils (T.P.S.) are also described.The results obtained are as follows:1) The fungus population in P.P.S.is less than that in T.P.S.,and the mycoflora in P.P.S.is characterized by the occurence of Emericellolosis and Phoma+No.1221.Little variation on fungi quantities and mycofloral components was found in P.P.S.
This article deals with the characteristics of the mycoflora in plough layers of the permanently submerged paddy soils (P.P.S.) developed on lacustrine deposit in central and southern Jiangsu province,alluvial deposit along the lower Yangtze river,and loesaal deposit near Nanjing,or of other submerged soils under anaerobic condition in various districts.The characteristics of mycoflora of the soils mentioned above in tomparison with that under temporarily submerged paddy soils (T.P.S.) are also described.The results obtained are as follows:1) The fungus population in P.P.S.is less than that in T.P.S.,and the mycoflora in P.P.S.is characterized by the occurence of Emericellolosis and Phoma+No.1221.Little variation on fungi quantities and mycofloral components was found in P.P.S.
1980, 17(4):355-364.
Abstract:
This article deals with silicon supplying levels and the response of rice plant to Si-fertilizer on the major paddy soils derived from red earth in South China.1.The effect of Si-fertilizer is negatively correlated with the content of available silica in soils.It seems that the critical value of available silica in paddy soils derived from red earth on quaternary red clay in the southern China may be lower than that in Japan and gores,but higher than that of Taiwan province in China.
This article deals with silicon supplying levels and the response of rice plant to Si-fertilizer on the major paddy soils derived from red earth in South China.1.The effect of Si-fertilizer is negatively correlated with the content of available silica in soils.It seems that the critical value of available silica in paddy soils derived from red earth on quaternary red clay in the southern China may be lower than that in Japan and gores,but higher than that of Taiwan province in China.
1980, 17(4):365-373.
Abstract:
In the Tarim basin,one year of rice cultivation on soils of high salinity brought about a decrease in salt content to the extent of 20 to 80%.In the soil profile,desalinization is most remarkable in the ploughed layer.Under equal conditions,the longer the period of rice cultivation is prolonged,the thicker the layer of desalinization is formed.A great changes have taken place in the composition of the soil salts after rice cultivation.In a farm near Aksu,for example,the main component of salt in soil was mainly chlorides,which changed into sulphates ranging from 60 to 90% of total anions after four years of rice cultivation,at the same time,the sodium was replaced by calcium as the main component of cations up to 50-80% of the total cations.The desalinization and changes in the components of the salts after rice cultivation provided a favorable conditions for the succeeding crop.
In the Tarim basin,one year of rice cultivation on soils of high salinity brought about a decrease in salt content to the extent of 20 to 80%.In the soil profile,desalinization is most remarkable in the ploughed layer.Under equal conditions,the longer the period of rice cultivation is prolonged,the thicker the layer of desalinization is formed.A great changes have taken place in the composition of the soil salts after rice cultivation.In a farm near Aksu,for example,the main component of salt in soil was mainly chlorides,which changed into sulphates ranging from 60 to 90% of total anions after four years of rice cultivation,at the same time,the sodium was replaced by calcium as the main component of cations up to 50-80% of the total cations.The desalinization and changes in the components of the salts after rice cultivation provided a favorable conditions for the succeeding crop.
1980, 17(4):374-381.
Abstract:
As far as classification of paddy soils in Tai Hu area is c415oneerned,the character difference between soil individuals i and l
is somewhat better than their Euclidean distance.The mean squared distance between soil classes Gr and Gk
is better than their minimum and maximum distance.
As far as classification of paddy soils in Tai Hu area is c415oneerned,the character difference between soil individuals i and l
is somewhat better than their Euclidean distance.The mean squared distance between soil classes Gr and Gk
is better than their minimum and maximum distance.
1980, 17(4):374-389.
Abstract:
The chloride content in various salt-affected soils in Jiangsu,Xinjiang,Henan and Gansu provinces are determined by three methods,which are the automatic differential potentiometric titration,Mohr method and anticipated end point potentiometric titration.The advantages of the application of an automatic differential potentiometric titrator for the determination of chloride in salt-affected soils are as follows:1.The result of determination is not affected by the change in Eo' of electrode,slope of the titration curve and the variation in ionic strength of soil solution.2.The method is rapid and accurate.It is not necessary to anticipate and check the end point potential.The results of determination have good reproducibility.3.This instrument can also be used in other fields,such as complexometric titration,oxidation-reduction titration,acid-base titration etc.
The chloride content in various salt-affected soils in Jiangsu,Xinjiang,Henan and Gansu provinces are determined by three methods,which are the automatic differential potentiometric titration,Mohr method and anticipated end point potentiometric titration.The advantages of the application of an automatic differential potentiometric titrator for the determination of chloride in salt-affected soils are as follows:1.The result of determination is not affected by the change in Eo' of electrode,slope of the titration curve and the variation in ionic strength of soil solution.2.The method is rapid and accurate.It is not necessary to anticipate and check the end point potential.The results of determination have good reproducibility.3.This instrument can also be used in other fields,such as complexometric titration,oxidation-reduction titration,acid-base titration etc.
1980, 17(4):390-394.
Abstract:
近年来,稻田养萍在我国福建、浙江、广东、广西及江苏等省发展很快,并已在中、晚稻田中获得了养萍成功经验.但养萍过程中的施肥技术,至今尚未得到很好的解决.本文试图探讨绿萍生长与矿质营养的关系,以便为其合理施肥提供根据.
近年来,稻田养萍在我国福建、浙江、广东、广西及江苏等省发展很快,并已在中、晚稻田中获得了养萍成功经验.但养萍过程中的施肥技术,至今尚未得到很好的解决.本文试图探讨绿萍生长与矿质营养的关系,以便为其合理施肥提供根据.
1980, 17(4):395-402.
Abstract:
在土壤和沉积物中,高岭石和埃洛石的分布很广,因此,测定高岭类矿物的量是粘土矿物定量分析中的重要组成部分.目前对高岭类矿物的定量分析方法有如下几种:(1)使粘土随机取向,从X-射线衍射谱上测量衍射峰的强度来定量[2],但ver der Marel的试验结果表明,各种不同高岭石的衍射强度变化较大,因此,认为不能根据X-射线衍射峰的强度来定量[6].
在土壤和沉积物中,高岭石和埃洛石的分布很广,因此,测定高岭类矿物的量是粘土矿物定量分析中的重要组成部分.目前对高岭类矿物的定量分析方法有如下几种:(1)使粘土随机取向,从X-射线衍射谱上测量衍射峰的强度来定量[2],但ver der Marel的试验结果表明,各种不同高岭石的衍射强度变化较大,因此,认为不能根据X-射线衍射峰的强度来定量[6].
