【Objective】 To explore the influence of different parent materials on the heterogeneity of soil particle size distribution and soil structure, 【Method】laser particle size analysis and fractal techniques were used to investigate particle composition with its fractal characteristics of soils developed from alluvium, granite residues, quaternary clay and neritic deposit. 【Result】The results showed that: 1) a wider range of particle size distribution, higher content of coarse particles but less heterogeneity was observed for soils developed from granite residues and neritic deposit, while higher concentration of fine particles within a range of 2~200 μm and higher heterogeneity for soils developed from alluvium and quaternary clay. 2) according to the D values, the influence of parent materials on the heterogeneity of particle composition varied with pedogenic layers. The heterogeneity of particle size distribution declined from A to C layer for soils developed from alluvium and granite, however, an opposite trend was observed for soils developed from neritic deposit, and less significant difference in different pedogenic layers for soils developed from quaternary clay. In addition, the type of parent materials had less influence on the range of particle size distribution among pedogenic layers in accordance with the results of D0. 3) the degree of heterogeneity and particle size range were significantly determined by soil pH, CEC, free oxides, vermiculite and kaolinite in soils developed from different parent materials (P < 0.05).【Conclusion】The above results showed that the parent materials had a significant effect on soil particle size distribution and its fractal characteristics.