【Objective】The study on rules of spatial distribution of soil nutrients is of important significance to regionalized management of soil nutrients and construction of primary farmlands. 【Method】Using the common ordinary Kriging method and cluster analysis method in combination, horizontal and vertical spatial distribution of soil readily available potassium (AK) in the farmlands was studied and characterized in the core region of the Tongnan National Agricultural Science and Technology Park in West Chongqing.【Result】(1) Results show that the AK in the soil layers of 0~20, 20~40 and 40~60 cm averaged to be 111.6, 96.1 and 90.2 mg·kg^-1, in content respectively, and varied in a moderate degree and in the range of medium ~ deficiency in grade;. (2) The AKs in the 0~20 and 20~40 cm soil layers were both negative in global Moran""s I and spatially isolated, while the AK in the 40~60 cm soil layer was positive and spatially agglomerated; (3) Distribution of the AKs in the 0~20 and 20~40 cm soil layer could be best described with the Gaussian model, and in the 40~60 cm soil layer with the spherical model. The AKs in the 0~20 and 40~60 cm soil layers varied spatially mainly with random factors, and in the 20~40 cm soil layer with structural factors and random factors jointly; (4) The 0~20 cm soil layer high in AK concentrated in the center of the study area, while the layer low in AK scattered quite randomly. The AK in the 20~40 and 40~60 cm soil layers followed a similar trend in distribution. The layers high in AK concentrated in the southeast part and the layers low in AK in the northeast part of the studied region. Vertical distribution of the AK appeared to be in three forms, i.e. uniform, low AK declining and high AK declining, which exhibited a decreasing order in area. 【Conclusion】Soil type, topography and land use are the importment factors that have certain impacts that vary in degree either vertically or horizontally on the spatial distribution of AK contents. All the findings of the study may serve as a scientific basis for selection of land consolidation sites, program optimization and regionalized nutrient management of the consolidatedd land in the study area.