Herbicides are important inputs in the agricultural chain of production required for the improved productivity of black soil granary. Nevertheless, the high-frequency and high-intensity application of herbicides in the black soil region in northeastern China might lead to their residual accumulation in soil. Thus, this affects the growth of after reap crops and becomes the bottleneck of crop rotation and planting structure adjustment. Therefore, research on the herbicide pollution process and key abatement technologies are of great scientific significance to ensure green sustainable development of agriculture in the black soil region. This paper systematically analyzed the research progress and development trend on herbicide pollution process and abatement technology in the black soil region. The scientific and technical problems existing in this research field was pointed out. Besides, we also put forward research ideas and key directions of herbicide pollution process and abatement technology in the black soil region in China, so as to promote the development of herbicide pollution and remediation theory and technology in the black soil region in China.