【Objective】 This study aimed to grasp the multidimensional spatial distribution characteristics of soil salinization, analyze the factors influencing salinization risk, implement risk area zoning control and improve the efficiency of saline land use. 【Method】 In this study, the Yellow River old riverway in Hekou District, Dongying City, Shandong Province, was selected as the study area. Descriptive statistics on soil salinization status were conducted using classical statistical methods, the two-dimensional spatial distribution pattern of salinization in the study area was analyzed based on GIS interpolation, the three-dimensional spatial distribution of salinity and its change trends were visualized using GMS three-dimensional inverse distance weight interpolation, and a soil salinization risk evaluation model was constructed to quantitatively analyze the risk. 【Result】 The results show that the average salinity of the soil in the study area was 5.84 g·kg^-1, representing severe salinization; and the average pH value was 7.82, indicating weakly alkaline. In two-dimensional space, the areas with high salinity (≥ 6 g·kg^-1) were mainly located in the north of the study area, and the overall trend was decreasing from the coast to the inland. In three-dimensional space, the distribution characteristics of the soil salinity profile were mainly homogeneous, with local surface aggregation and clustering at both ends, showing a complex coexistence of three types:surface aggregation, homogeneous, and clustering at both ends. The risk degree of salinization was divided into four levels and the extremely high-risk areas were mainly distributed in the north-central and northeast of the study area. Also, high-risk areas were mainly distributed in the middle and northeast, moderate-risk areas in the west and southeast, and low-risk areas in the southwest of the study area. 【Conclusion】 We recommend that the following measures should be employed to minimize the risk of salinization and improve the efficiency of resource utilization:preventive measures in extremely high-risk areas, control measures in high-risk areas, and improvement measures in moderate and low-risk areas.